Chapter 5: Component 2 - Visual Aids (AAC Cards and Visual Aids)
5.1. Introduction: The Role of Visual Aids in AAC
Visual aids are the operational heart of Augmentative and Alternative Communication. They make communication visible, stable and accessible, especially for children who have difficulty understanding or producing oral language.
Unlike speech, which is ephemeral, a visual medium remains present in the environment. It can be observed, pointed, manipulated and reused. This permanence is a major asset for learning.
As part of the AAC-Inclusion project, visual aids have been identified as:
● The most anticipated tool
● Most easily transferable
● Fastest usable
Visual aids can take many forms, depending on the needs of the child and the context of use.
1. Pictograms
Pictograms are simple and universal graphic representations of a word or idea.
They have several advantages:
● Quick comprehension
● Standardization
● Ease of reproduction
The pictograms from ARASAAC are particularly recommended in this context.
2. Photographs
Photos may be used when:
● The child needs concrete reference points
● The pictograms are too abstract
Example: photo of the child's personal glass to "drink"
3. Real Items
In some cases, the object itself can be used as a communication medium.
Example:
● show a spoon to "eat"
4. Visual sequences
It is a succession of images representing an activity.
Example :
● wash your hands (turn on the faucet → soap → rinse → dry)
Visual cards are the main tool of this component.
They are generally composed of:
● an image (pictogram)
● a word (in capital letters)
● possibly a simple sentence
Recommended map structure
[PICTOGRAM]
EAT
I want to eat
5.4. Organization of the cards (pedagogical logic)
For ease of use, the cards are organized into categories.
1. Needs
To express:
● Eat
● Drink
● toilet
● Sleep
These are the first cards to be introduced.
2. Actions
To express:
● Play
● Stop
● help
● Wait
They allow you to interact with the environment.
3. Emotions
To express:
● content
● sad
● anger
● fear
Very important to reduce frustrations.
5.5. Guide to Using Visual Cards
✔ Step 1: Start simple
Introduce: 2 cards maximum
Example:
● EAT
● DRINK
Step 2: Model
The adult shows: the card + the word
Step 3: Propose a choice
"Do you want to EAT or DRINK?"
Step 4: Wait
Give the child time to:
● point
● Watch
● React
✔ Step 5: Strengthen
Respond immediately to the request.
A child comes home from school and seems agitated.
The parent:
Result :
● Successful communication
● Frustration avoided
During an activity, a student becomes inattentive.
The teacher:
The activity is adapted.
● Too many cards at the beginning: cognitive overload
● Non-visible cards: Ineffectiveness
● Irregular use: loss of learning
● Constant change of pictograms: loss of reference points
5.9. Integration of cards into everyday life
The cards must be used in:
At home
● Meals
● routines
● Games
At school
● Activities
● transitions
● interactions
5.10. Preparing the Cards (Practical Guide)
Materials needed
● Printer
● thick paper
● Lamination (recommended)
● Velcro (optional)
Steps
5.11. Link to the Toolkit Annexes
The cards presented in this chapter are available in:
● Appendix 1: Printable AAC Visual Cards
● Appendix 2: Visual communication board
These annexes are designed to be:
● printed
● Handled
● used directly
Visual aids are an essential lever for:
● Facilitate communication
● structurer les interactions
● Reduce frustration
They represent a simple, effective solution that can be immediately applied in different contexts.